Shingle



H. L. FISCHER SHINGLE Filed July 25 v air Patented May 11, 1926.

UNITED STATES HOWARD L. FISCHER, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.,

SHINGLE.

Application filed July 23, 1925.

which is exposed to the weather so that an artistic surface will appear on the exposed portion of the shingles of the roof to which they are applied. When these shingles are made up in different colors they provide a very attractive roofing and have the advantage of being fire-proof and weather resisting, so as to resist the weather for a very long period of time and at the same time protecting the roof on which they are applied. The particular formation of the roughened surface is of importance in this invention. While shingles have been made heretofore with a roughened surface, there are certain disadvantages, I believe, in these shingles which make them undesirable to fulfill the lasting and long wearing qualities to which these shingles are supposed to be adapted and by means of my particular formation ofishingle, I believe these features are overcome and a shingle is provided which would be most desirable in fulfilling the artistic formation and without impairing or weakening the shingles at certain points where they should be adapted to be strong enough to resist any straining to whichthey are subjected in use and in handling the same.

The invention includes the formation of a shingle with a heavy butt which is adapted to be exposed to the weather and which graduates ofi to the end which is attached to the roof. This heavy butt end of the shingle increases the appearance where the rough surface is used on the same, by adding to the massive appearance of the roof made up of these shingles and by adding a material advantage with the additional thickness at the exposed end of the shingle. In the formation of the roughenedsurface of the exposed face of my shingle, I purpose to have the indentations at the heavy butt end deeply embedded and of a larger formation than the indentations or roughened portions toward the thinner end of the shingle which is not exposed to the weather Serial No. 45,602.

but which is covered by the butt end of the next shingle. A very important feature of my invention resides in having the indentations decrease toward the thin end of the shingle so that the deeper indentations are at the heavy buttend, while the indentations toward the thinner end decrease in depth. In fact, the indentations grow smaller in depth and area-in one form of my shingle so that they start with a large deep indentation at the butt end and decrease into practically nothing toward the thin end so as to leave the upper thin end of the shingle with a practically smooth face without any indentations therein. This smooth surface beyond the indentations is 1 covered by the butt end of the next shingle when the shingles are laid on the roof. The butt end of the adjacent shingle will overlap the indentation portion of the shingle held under the butt end of each shingle on the roof. It is not necessary that the roughened outer area of the indentations decrease insize toward the thin end, but it is important that the depth of the indentations decrease from the butt toward the thin end of each shingle. In this manner I provide a shingle, the uniform body portion which has an equal strength throughout its length and yet isprovided with a decorative texture on its exposed face, and in, addition is increased in size at the butt end which increases the massive appearance of a roof made up of my shingles.

lVhile I have outlined a few of the features and advantages of my shingle, other particular formations and objects will be more fully set forth in the specification and claims.

In the drawings forming part of my specification; V

Figure 1 is a plan view of my shingle showing the decorative roughened texture on one end of the same.

Figure 2 is a similar view of Figure 1, illustrating the roughened surface with large areas extending from the butt toward the thin end of the shingle.

Figure 3 is a central cross section of my shingle.

Figure 4- illustrates my shingles attached to a roof.

In the drawings my shingle A is formed of cement, such as Portland cement, and as bestos fibres, these fibres being of a nature most desirable for shingles of this nature are 1 but is obviously not ofa true wedge shaped face is desirable,

nature excepting that it vide the butt end 10 of is desirable to proa heavier and more substantial nature than the thin end 11. The reason for this is that the thin end 11 is the portion of the shingle A which is not exposed to the weather and which. is covered up by the butt end 10 of the shingles when they are in use.

In shingles of this nature it has become apparent that a rough artistic or rustic surespecially where shingles of different colors are employed so as to provide a very artistic appearance to the house on which the shingles are used. While shingles have been provided heretofore with a roughened surface on the exposed end,

the thin end 11 of vide the necessary artistic appearance,

these shingles have been ofthe same general thickness from end to end, and thus a weak portion has developed in the shingles between the ends, which is very undesirable and which causes cracking and breaking of the same, thus impairing the value of the shingle and at a point in the same which would be very detrimental. The cracking of these shingles of the same thickness from end to end where the roughened surface is indented into the exposed face of the same, is not apparent in ordinary observation because of the roughened surface and therefore develops to be a very detrimental feature. My shingles are designed to overcome this by providing a shingle with a heavy butt end which permits the formation of indentations 12 or a large area and deep enough to proyet not impairing the thickness of the shingle which is required to provide the necessary strength for a given area.

The indentations in my shingles decrease in depth, as will appear in the cross sectional illustration in Figure 3 as the depth of the indentations at the butt end is illustrated by the dotted lines between the arrow points at this point to indicate at 13 the depth.of the indentations at the butt end of the shingle A. While at 14 I indicate between the arrow points the depth of the indentations which will clearly illustrate thatthe indentations grow smaller in depth as they extend toward the shingle A.

' In Figure 1 I also illustrate that the indentations 12 are smaller in area as thev extend toward the thin end 11 of the shingle A. and thus it is evident that my shingle A is provided with a body portion which is practically uniform in thickness from end to end, as indicated by the distance between the arrows at the points 15, 16 and 17 in the I cross sectional view in Figure 3. It is desirable that the thickness of the shingle at the" points 15, 16 and 17 be practically equal, and thus the forming of the indentations 12 in the face of my shingle A do not impair the strength and wearing qualities of the same.- I

It is not necessary that the indentations 12 be smaller in area, however, as they extend toward the thin end 11 and I have illustrated in Figure 2 that the indentations in outer configuration or formation are approximately the same area, while the depth decreases 'as the indentations approach the thin end 11 in the decorative portion of my shingle A. Itis very important that the depth of the indentations 12 decrease toward the end 11 of the shingle A.

It is obvious that an asbestos shingle which is fairly rigid in construction, being made out of; cement mortar can bebent' only a small degree in use and if the texture of the shingle is roughened by the decorative indentations without adding to the thickness of the same, the strength is impaired and these shingles will break and crack at the overlapping portion. This has been experienced in actual use and is a detrimental feature. It is therefore evident that my shingle is of great importance in overcoming this defective feature, still providing the decorative surface and having the advantage of increasing the butt end of the shingle in thickness to give a very massive. and desired effect to the roof on which my shingle is employed. The indentations in my shingle are a conglomeration of large and smallindentatlons, particularly in' area and in varying m depth, it being evident that fiat faces W1ll appear, between portions of the indentations -and'these flat faces will be more apparent as the indentations decrease in depth toward the thin end of the shingle so that the indentations gradually become shallower toward the center of the shingle and blend off into the"- face 18 which is smooth and which forms the portion of the shingle which is covered by the butt end of the shingle, as the shingles are laid over each other in applying the sameto the roof.

The indentations 12 can be made up 1n any suitable manner to roughen the surface of the exposed portion of the shingles A and any suitable means for forming these indentations may be employed. Itis quite essential and extremely important that the depth of these indentations decrease toward the center of the shingle between the ends of the same, so that the thickness of the shingle be not impaired? by these decorative indentations. It is evident that these indentations 12 are employed for decorative purposes and they take away the cold, hard flat appearance of the roof. particularly where colors are employed, thus giving a ried out by other means and applied to uses other than those set forth within the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A decorative shingle for a roof having, a butt end of a thick nature, deep indentations formed in said butt end, a thin end formed on said shingle, indentations extending from said butt end towards said thick end anddecreasing indepth to the point of vanishing between said butt end and thin end and in a manner to'provide a body portion of a comparatively uniform thickness throughout the length of said shingle.

2. An asbestos shingle comprising, a butt end and an attaching end, decorative indentations irregularly formed on the outer face of the butt end uniformly decreasing taching end in a mannerto provide a decorative shingle. without. impairing the strength of the same.

3. An asbestos shingleof the nature described, including, a butt end, an attaching end, indentations formed extending in graduated decreasing depth from said butt end toward said attaching end of said shingle to provide a shingle of uniform strength.

4. An asbestos shingle of the nature described, including, a butt end, an attaching end and adecorative surface formed extending from the butt end toward the attaching end, being made up of a conglomeration of indentations of various areas and depths, said indentations decreasing in depth as they extend toward said attaching end. v p

5, A shingle made up of a homogeneous mass of asbestos fibres and other fire-resisting material, including, a butt end, an attaching end, a ,conglomeration of decorative indentations irregularly formed in the face of said shingle adapted to be exposed to the weather, said indentations uniformly decreasing in depth to the point of vanishing from said butt toward said thin end.

6. A shingle formed of a homogeneous mass of fire-resisting material, a decorative surface formed on the exposed portion of said shingle by a conglomeration of different sized irregular indentations, said indentations decreasing in depth toward the center of the shingle in a mannerv to'provide a comparatively uniform body portion to said shingle.

7. A shingle made up of a homogeneous mass of fire-resisting material, a decorative surface formed on said shingle bya conglomeration of irregular indentations, the in depth from the butt end toward the atdepth ofwhich decrease from one endof said shingle toward the center thereof in.

a manner to prevent impairing of the strength of said shingle by said decorative surface. 1 HOWARD L. FISCHER. 

